ESPILON-CTF-2026-Writeups/Hardware/Wired_SPI_Exfil/README.md

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# Wired SPI Exfil — Solution
## Overview
Simulated SPI flash chip from a WIRED-MED module. Standard SPI flash commands are used to read chip contents. A hidden partition not listed in the normal partition table contains the XOR-encrypted flag. The SFDP table has vendor-specific parameters that reveal the hidden sector.
## Steps
1. Connect and assert CS:
```bash
nc <host> 3500
cs 0
```
2. Read chip ID:
```
tx 9F
```
Returns `EF 40 18` = Winbond W25Q128.
3. Read the SFDP table to discover hidden sectors:
```
tx 5A 00 00 00 00
```
SFDP header shows 2 parameter tables. Read vendor table at offset 0x80:
```
tx 5A 00 00 80 00
```
Vendor data shows a hidden partition at `0x030000` labeled "HIDDEN".
4. Read the hidden partition:
```
tx 03 03 00 00
```
Data starts with `WIRED_HIDDEN_PARTITION` header, followed by encrypted bytes.
5. XOR the encrypted data with key `WIRED_SPI` to get the flag.
## Key Concepts
- **SPI flash commands**: Standard opcodes (RDID, READ, SFDP) work across most flash chips
- **SFDP**: Serial Flash Discoverable Parameters — a standardized way to query flash capabilities. Vendor extensions can hide extra information
- **Hidden partitions**: Not all storage areas appear in standard partition tables — manual probing or SFDP analysis reveals them
- **Data at rest encryption**: Simple XOR protection on stored secrets